Which condition is often linked to BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations?

The association of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations with ovarian cancer is well established in medical literature. Individuals with mutations in these genes have a significantly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer, as well as breast cancer. The BRCA genes play a crucial role in the repair of DNA breaks through homologous recombination, and mutations can lead to genomic instability, which contributes to the development of various cancers, particularly those of the breast and ovaries.

While breast cancer is indeed a critical concern related to these mutations and often discussed in the context of BRCA-related risks, the question specifically highlights a condition most directly linked to these gene mutations apart from breast cancer. Ovarian cancer is particularly significant due to its higher mortality rate and the challenges associated with early detection, making the link to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations particularly important for risk assessment and screening in affected populations.