Is there an increased incidence of late leukaemia associated with radioactive iodine treatment for thyrotoxicosis?

The assertion that there is no increased incidence of late leukemia associated with radioactive iodine treatment for thyrotoxicosis is supported by several studies and meta-analyses. While there has been some concern about potential long-term risks associated with radioactive iodine treatment, the majority of evidence suggests that the risk of developing late leukemia post-treatment is not significantly elevated in the general population.

Research indicates that patients treated with radioactive iodine do not show a higher incidence of leukemia compared to the general population. The mechanism of action for radioactive iodine primarily targets thyroid tissue, and the overall exposure to ionizing radiation to other body tissues is relatively low. It's important to take into account that patient monitoring and reporting systems post-treatment provide valuable data that contribute to the understanding of long-term risks, reinforcing the conclusion that leukemia is not a common late effect of this particular treatment.

Many studies have focused specifically on thyroid cancer risk following radioactive iodine therapy, rather than on leukemia. Therefore, while concerns might be raised about risks of other malignancies following radioisotope treatment, the specific link to delayed leukemia remains unsupported by significant evidence.