What are the criteria for urgent referral for someone with gallstones?

The criteria for urgent referral regarding gallstones primarily focus on the risk of complications stemming from the condition. When jaundice or biliary obstruction is suspected, it indicates a more serious complication such as obstructive jaundice, which may arise from a stone blocking the common bile duct. This situation requires immediate evaluation, as it can lead to severe complications including cholangitis (an infection of the bile duct), pancreatitis, or liver dysfunction.

In contrast, recurrent pain may suggest a need for further assessment or management but does not necessarily demand an urgent referral unless accompanied by other alarming signs. Similarly, considering surgery may be relevant, yet it is not in itself a reason for urgent referral unless accompanied by significant clinical findings. Lastly, if someone with gallstones has no symptoms, it typically does not warrant any urgent action, as asymptomatic gallstones are often managed conservatively, with the primary focus on symptomatic cases.

Thus, when jaundice or biliary obstruction is present or suspected, the situation escalates to one requiring urgent medical attention, justifying the referral for further investigation and management.