What bacteria is commonly associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome?

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is primarily associated with specific strains of Escherichia coli, particularly Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), which includes O157:H7. These bacteria produce Shiga toxin, which damages the endothelial cells in the blood vessels of the kidneys, leading to the characteristic symptoms of HUS, such as hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia.

The link between E. coli and HUS stems from the consumption of contaminated food, especially undercooked beef or unpasteurized dairy products, where these bacteria can be present. When ingested, they can cause severe gastrointestinal illness that may progress to HUS, particularly in young children and the elderly.

In contrast, other bacterial options listed do not have the same direct association with HUS. For instance, while Salmonella and Shigella can cause gastrointestinal illness, their primary complications do not typically include the development of HUS. Staphylococcus aureus is more commonly known for causing skin infections and food poisoning rather than kidney-related syndromes like HUS. Thus, Escherichia coli is correctly identified as the bacteria commonly associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome, cement