What dietary advice is typically given to patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)?

The dietary advice for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) emphasizes the importance of consuming nutrient-dense foods that help manage blood glucose levels and promote overall health. One of the key recommendations is to include low-fat dairy products and oily fish in the diet.

Low-fat dairy provides essential nutrients such as calcium and vitamin D while being lower in saturated fats, which can help mitigate the risk of heart disease—a common complication for individuals with diabetes. Oily fish, such as salmon and mackerel, are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for cardiovascular health and can help reduce inflammation.

In contrast, a high-sugar intake and low carbohydrates would lead to poor blood glucose control and potential spikes in blood sugar levels, which is detrimental for managing diabetes. A low-fiber diet is also not advisable as fiber helps regulate blood sugar levels and improve gut health. Moreover, while adequate protein intake is important, emphasizing excessively high protein without considering overall balance in macronutrients might not be suitable for all patients, especially those with specific renal considerations.

Thus, the recommendation to include low-fat dairy and oily fish aligns with dietary strategies that support stable glucose levels and cardiovascular health for individuals with T2DM.