What distinguishes TACO from TRALI in clinical presentation?

The correct choice emphasizes that TACO (Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload) is characterized by hypertension and responds well to diuretics, which helps to alleviate fluid overload and resulting hypertension.

In TACO, the volume overload from blood transfusions leads to symptoms such as hypertension, pulmonary edema, and respiratory distress. This condition typically manifests in patients who receive a rapid rate of transfusion or large volumes of blood products, especially in those who already have risk factors for heart failure. Diuretics can effectively reduce the fluid overload by promoting excretion of excess fluid, thereby improving the patient's clinical status.

In contrast, TRALI (Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury) primarily involves the acute respiratory distress caused by an immune-mediated reaction, typically manifesting with hypotension rather than hypertension. TRALI is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and severe respiratory distress following transfusion, and it does not respond to diuretics in the same manner as TACO. The distinction between these two conditions is critical for guiding appropriate management in a clinical setting.

Understanding these differences in clinical presentation and response to treatment allows healthcare providers to accurately diagnose and manage these transfusion-related complications.