What is syringobulbia?

Syringobulbia refers to the presence of a fluid-filled cyst, called a syrinx, that forms within the spinal cord and can extend into the medulla, which is part of the brainstem. This condition commonly arises from a condition known as Chiari malformation, where brain tissue extends into the spinal canal. The syrinx can disrupt normal neurological function, leading to a variety of symptoms such as pain, weakness, and sensory impairment, which are related to the nerves being affected.

The specificity of the definition of syringobulbia as involving both the spinal cord and the extension into the medulla is crucial in distinguishing it from related terms or conditions that might involve lesions or cysts elsewhere in the nervous system. Understanding that syringobulbia specifically affects both the spinal cord and the medulla aids in grasping its clinical significance and the nature of its manifestations.