What is the main mechanism of action of lansoprazole?

Lansoprazole is classified as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and its primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of the H+/K+ ATP 'proton pump' located in the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. By irreversibly binding to this pump, lansoprazole effectively reduces the secretion of gastric acid into the stomach. This action is crucial in treating conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, where excessive acid production is a problem.

The inhibition of the proton pump leads to a significant and sustained decrease in gastric acid levels, providing relief from symptoms and promoting healing of the gastric lining. This mechanism distinguishes lansoprazole and other PPIs from other acid modifiers that may work through different pathways, such as those that inhibit histamine receptors or act directly on acidity in the stomach. Thus, the correct understanding of lansoprazole’s action highlights its unique role in the pharmacological management of acid-related disorders.