What is the main treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

The main treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is chemotherapy, which is the standard approach for managing this aggressive type of cancer. Chemotherapy works by targeting rapidly dividing cells, which is characteristic of cancer cells, thereby helping to reduce the number of leukemic cells in the bone marrow and bloodstream. It typically involves a combination of drugs that can work synergistically to increase effectiveness.

In the case of AML, prompt initiation of chemotherapy is critical, as the disease can progress quickly. The chemotherapy regimen often consists of induction therapy aimed at achieving complete remission, followed by consolidation therapy to eliminate any remaining leukemic cells and prevent relapse.

Other treatment modalities like surgery or radiation therapy play a limited role in AML. Surgery is not applicable because AML originates in the bone marrow and circulates in the blood rather than forming a localized tumor that can be surgically removed. Radiation therapy may be used in specific situations, such as before a stem cell transplant or for treatment of leukemic masses, but it is not a frontline treatment for AML. Physical therapy is relevant for supportive care but does not treat the underlying hematologic condition.