What is the most common cause of disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

The most common cause of disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is cardiovascular disease. This is primarily due to the complex interplay between kidney function and cardiovascular health. Patients with CKD are at a significantly increased risk for heart disease, which can manifest as heart failure, coronary artery disease, or arrhythmias.

The underlying mechanisms contributing to this increased risk include factors such as hypertension, volume overload, electrolyte imbalances, and the accumulation of uremic toxins, which can lead to vascular damage and altered heart function. Additionally, the inflammatory and metabolic changes associated with CKD can exacerbate cardiovascular risk.

While diabetes is a common cause of CKD and can certainly lead to cardiovascular problems, the manifestation of cardiovascular disease as a direct, significant health issue in these patients makes it the primary concern. Therefore, it is the prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality within this population.