What is the standard treatment regimen for active chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?

The standard treatment regimen for active chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) involves using Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Rituximab, commonly referred to as FCR. This combination therapy has been well-studied and is recognized for its efficacy in treating CLL, especially in patients with certain prognostic features.

Fludarabine is a purine analog that specifically targets the DNA of lymphoid cells, leading to improved outcomes in terms of response rates. Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy agent that enhances the cytotoxicity of Fludarabine while also contributing its own antitumor effects. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen on B cells and helps in depleting malignant B-cell populations.

Together, these medications work synergistically to maximize the therapeutic response, resulting in a higher likelihood of remission in patients with CLL.

The other treatment regimens listed are less effective or not standard for CLL. Chlorambucil combined with Prednisone is an older treatment approach that may still be used in specific cases but lacks the same level of efficacy as FCR, especially in younger or more fit patients. Imatinib is primarily used for chronic myeloid