What type of abnormal cells are typically found in iron deficiency anemia?

In the context of iron deficiency anemia, target cells are a significant finding. These cells, also known as codocytes, have a distinct appearance characterized by a central spot of hemoglobin surrounded by a pale ring, which gives them the "target" appearance. Target cells are formed as a result of changes in the lipid and protein composition of the red blood cell membrane, often occurring in conditions of altered hemoglobin concentration or alteration in cell morphology due to various etiologies, including iron deficiency.

Iron deficiency anemia leads to hypochromia and microcytosis in red blood cells. As the body struggles to produce sufficient hemoglobin due to a lack of iron, the red blood cells may become more pliable, which contributes to the formation of these target cells. Identifying target cells can serve as a helpful diagnostic clue when evaluating a patient for iron deficiency anemia.

Other types of cells mentioned, such as blast cells, smear cells, and Auer rods, are associated with different hematological conditions. Blast cells are immature white blood cells commonly found in acute leukemias. Smear cells, or smudge cells, are typically observed in chronic lymphoproliferative disorders such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Auer rods are seen