Which abnormality might result from the dysfunction of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis in anorexia nervosa?

The dysfunction of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis in anorexia nervosa can lead to hypocortisolism, which is characterized by abnormally low levels of cortisol. In the context of anorexia nervosa, the body's stress response may be blunted, resulting in suppressed adrenal gland activity. This leads to lower levels of cortisol, which plays a critical role in metabolism, immune response, and stress management.

In individuals with anorexia, the body is often in a state of stress due to malnutrition and can trigger alterations in several hormonal systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Chronic stress and starvation can lead to alterations that suppress cortisol production, making hypocortisolism a potential outcome of this dysregulation.

Low levels of cortisol can contribute to adrenal insufficiency, which might manifest as fatigue, low blood pressure, weakness, and other metabolic disturbances. Understanding this connection is important for recognizing the systemic impacts of anorexia nervosa and addressing the endocrine implications of the disorder.