Which symptom is associated with a lesion in the temporal lobe?

A lesion in the temporal lobe is primarily associated with receptive dysphasia and memory impairment due to the functions localised within that region of the brain. The temporal lobe plays a critical role in language comprehension, particularly in the left hemisphere for most individuals, where Wernicke's area is located. Damage to this area can result in receptive dysphasia, a condition where individuals struggle to understand spoken or written language, despite being able to produce speech. Additionally, the temporal lobe is heavily involved in memory processing, including the storage of long-term memories and the retrieval of information, often leading to memory impairment when affected by lesions.

In contrast, the other options reflect symptoms associated with different areas of the brain or other disorders. Expressive dysphasia typically relates to damage in the frontal lobe; incontinence is not linked specifically to temporal lobe lesions. The grasp reflex and apathy are commonly associated with frontal lobe issues or wide-spread neurodegenerative conditions, while visuospatial difficulties and sensory loss are generally indicative of parietal lobe problems. Thus, the correct pairing of symptoms with the temporal lobe is receptive dysphasia and memory impairment.